The Uninvited Guests: Understanding and Managing Pregnancy Pains

The Hormonal Shift

Pregnancy brings about significant changes in the body, and one key player in these changes is the hormone relaxin. Produced by the ovaries and placenta, relaxin helps loosen ligaments and joints, preparing the body for the arrival of the baby. However, this increased flexibility can also lead to:

• Pelvic pain
• Cervical sensitivity
• Discomfort during sex or gynecological exams

Pressure Points: Second and Third Trimester

As the baby grows, pressure from the expanding belly can irritate muscles and nerves, causing pain in the:

• Pelvic area
• Lower back
• Thighs

Research suggests that higher levels of relaxin may contribute to pelvic girdle pain (PGP), experienced by about 1 in 5 pregnant women.

Other Culprits: Constipation, Weak Cervix, and More

Constipation, a common issue during pregnancy, can also contribute to vaginal discomfort. To alleviate symptoms, try:

• Drinking more water
• Eating fiber-rich foods
• Engaging in light physical activity

A weak cervix, also known as an incompetent cervix, can cause pelvic pressure, backache, and abdominal cramps, and may lead to early delivery or pregnancy loss.

Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Injury to the pelvic floor muscles can result in pelvic organ prolapse, where the vaginal wall, cervix, or uterus descends toward the vaginal opening. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can also occur during pregnancy, causing symptoms like:

• Pelvic pain
• Fever
• Abnormal vaginal discharge

Sex During Pregnancy: The Good, the Bad, and the Uncomfortable

While sex is generally safe during pregnancy, hormonal changes can cause:

• Vaginal dryness
• Pelvic girdle pain
• Cervical sensitivity

Additionally, hormones released during orgasm can cause mild cramping or contractions.

Finding Relief

To manage pregnancy pains, try the following:

1. Change positions and take regular breaks
2. Engage in light exercise, like walking or yoga
3. Practice relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or meditation
4. Take a warm bath or try prenatal massage
5. Use a belly band for support
6. Rest and prioritize self-care
7. Consider physical therapy for PGP and strengthening exercises for your pelvic floor, abdomen, hips, and back

When to Speak Up

Remember to report any new symptoms to your healthcare provider, as they can help determine the underlying cause of your discomfort. Be aware of signs of early labor, including:

• Regular contractions
• Lower back pain
• Bloody mucus discharge