Managing Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring Alternatives to Metformin

Understanding Metformin

Metformin is a widely prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It works by:

• Reducing liver sugar release
• Delaying stomach sugar absorption
• Increasing cell sensitivity to insulin

In addition, metformin has been shown to:

• Curb appetite, leading to moderate weight loss
• Raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
• Lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and lipids

The Not-So-Good Stuff: Side Effects and Risks

While metformin can be beneficial, it’s not without its drawbacks. Common side effects include:

• Appetite loss
• Moderate weight loss
• Gas and metallic taste
• Heartburn and stomach cramps
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Vitamin B-12 deficiency (affecting about 30% of long-term users)

Rarely, metformin can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which can be life-threatening if left untreated. Symptoms include:

• Headache
• Feeling faint or shaky
• Sweating
• Nausea

Breaking Up with Metformin: Is It Possible?

While metformin can help manage type 2 diabetes, it doesn’t address the underlying lifestyle factors contributing to the disease. By making healthy changes, some people may be able to stop taking metformin altogether.

To be eligible to stop taking metformin, you may need to meet certain criteria, including:

• Blood sugar levels under 180 mg/dL
• Fasting morning blood sugar level under 130 mg/dL
• A1C less than 7%

Lifestyle Changes for a Medication-Free Future

To break up with metformin, you’ll need to commit to healthy lifestyle changes, such as:

• Regular exercise
• Reducing carbohydrate intake
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Quitting smoking
• Limiting or avoiding alcohol

Working with a healthcare professional, personal trainer, or support group can help you stay on track and achieve your goals.

Metformin During Pregnancy

For pregnant women with diabetes and/or PCOS, metformin can be beneficial in stabilizing blood sugar levels and reducing the risk of gestational diabetes. It’s also safe to take while breastfeeding.

Alternative Medications and Natural Remedies

If you’re looking for alternative medications, options include:

• Dapagliflozin (learn more)
• Actos (pioglitazone)
• Canagliflozin (learn more)
• Empagliflozin (learn more)
• Prandin (repaglinide)

Natural remedies, such as apple cider vinegar, bitter gourd, and cinnamon, may also help reduce blood sugar levels. However, always consult with your doctor or pharmacist before trying any new supplements.