She Strengthens

The Hidden Signs of HIV in Women: What You Need to Know

Understanding the Risks

Approximately 1.2 million Americans live with HIV, and about 13 percent of them don’t know they have the virus. HIV symptoms aren’t always obvious, and many people who are HIV-positive feel totally fine. This lack of awareness can be dangerous, as it may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment.

The Initial Symptoms

About 2 to 4 weeks after becoming infected with HIV, some people experience flu-like symptoms, including:

• Fever
• Muscle aches
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Fatigue
• Night sweats
• Rash
• Sore throat

Some individuals may also develop skin rashes or sores, including on the skin around the mouth and on the genitals. Oral, anal, or genital ulcers can be a hallmark of acute HIV infection.

Female-Specific Signs of HIV

Women may experience unique symptoms that don’t affect men. Here are eight signs you may have HIV:

1. Changes in Menstrual Cycle

HIV can affect your menstrual cycle, leading to:

• Lighter or heavier periods
• Irregular periods
• Stopped periods altogether
• Worse PMS symptoms, including breast sensitivity, severe cramps, and fatigue

2. Yeast Infections

HIV weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight off infections, including vaginal yeast infections. Signs of a yeast infection include:

• Pain during sex
• Pain when urinating
• Burning in and around the vagina and vulva
• Thick, white vaginal discharge

3. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

PID is an infection of the upper genital tract that may impact the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, leading to pelvic pain. HIV-positive women may experience longer-lasting or more severe symptoms, including increased vaginal discharge or severe abdominal pain.

4. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

BV develops when the bacteria in the vagina become imbalanced. It’s more common in women living with HIV and can be more difficult to treat. BV increases the risk of HIV transmission and can make it harder to treat if you already have HIV.

5. STI Outbreaks

HIV can worsen STI outbreaks, making them more frequent and severe. For example, genital herpes outbreaks may be more frequent and difficult to treat.

6. Early Menopause

Women with HIV may enter menopause earlier and experience more severe side effects, including hot flashes.

7. Osteoporosis

HIV can cause bones to weaken and break more easily, especially in women. This can lead to broken bones, even from minor falls.

8. Heart Disease

HIV-related heart disease is a leading cause of death for people with HIV, and women are particularly at risk. Heart attacks may feel like the flu or indigestion, and symptoms can include pain in the back, neck, jaw, or stomach.

When to Talk to Your Doctor

If you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s essential to talk to your doctor. Even if you’re exhibiting symptoms that could be linked to something else, it’s always better to get definitive answers about your health. Routine screening for HIV is recommended, and regular STI testing is a good idea if you’re sexually active and/or have multiple sex partners.