Understanding Hepatitis C: Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Children
Hepatitis C, a viral infection of the liver, affects millions worldwide. While some cases resolve on their own, over half can become chronic, leading to liver damage, scarring, or even liver cancer if left untreated. As a parent or expecting parent with a recent hep C diagnosis, you may wonder if you can pass it to your child.
Can You Pass Hep C to Your Baby?
The good news is that transmission is rare, but it can occur during childbirth. If the birthing parent has hep C, there’s a 1 in 20 chance the baby will contract it at birth. However, researchers are still unsure when transmission occurs and how to prevent it.
How is Hep C Transmitted?
Direct exposure to infected blood is the primary mode of transmission. Sharing needles or equipment for drug use, accidental needle pricks, unsterilized tattoos or piercings, sharing personal care items, and unprotected sex can all spread the virus. In the past, organ transplants and blood transfusions were also risk factors, but routine testing has significantly reduced this risk.
Diagnosing Hep C in Children
Diagnosis in children follows the same process as in adults. However, experts recommend waiting until at least 18 months to test children, as maternal antibodies can affect results. A physical exam, medical history, and HCV antibody test are typically followed by an HCV viral test to confirm the diagnosis.
Treating Hep C in Children
Yes, hep C is treatable in kids! In about 40% of cases, their immune system will clear the virus on its own, usually before age 2. For the first few years, treatment involves monitoring liver function and growth, as well as vaccinations against hep A and B. If the virus persists, direct-acting antiviral therapy is used, with a high success rate of around 90-95%.
Will My Child Recover with Treatment?
Usually, kids respond well to treatment and can lead active, healthy lives, especially if they avoid alcohol. While some children may develop chronic hep C, only around 20% experience severe liver scarring by age 8. However, more research is needed to understand the long-term effects of hep C in kids.
By understanding the risks, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of hep C in children, parents can take steps to protect their little ones and ensure they receive proper care if infected.
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